Cardiovascular Journal of Africa: Vol 24 No 9 (October/November 2013) - page 36

CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA • Vol 24, No 9/10, October/November 2013
374
AFRICA
Prevalence and time trends in obesity among adult West African popu-
lations: a meta-analysis.
Obes Rev
2008;
9
: 297–311.
5.
Mayosi BM, Flisher AJ, Lalloo UG, Sitas F, Tollman SM, Bradshaw
D. The burden of non-communicable diseases in South Africa.
Lancet
2009;
374
: 934–947.
6.
De Wit S, Sabin CA, Weber R, Worm SW, Reiss P, Cazanave C,
et
al
. Incidence and risk factors for new-onset diabetes in HIV-infected
patients: the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs
(D:A:D) study.
Diabetes Care
2008;
31
: 1224–1229.
7.
Dave JA, Lambert EV, Badri M, West S, Maartens G, Levitt NS. Effect
of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretrovi-
ral therapy on dysglycemia and insulin sensitivity in South African
HIV-infected patients.
J Acquir Immun Defic Syndr
2011;
57
: 284–289.
8.
Central Statistical Agency [Ethiopia] and ICF International. 2012.
Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
and Calverton, Maryland, USA: Central Statistical Agency and ICF
International.
9.
SADHS. South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2003.
10. Global status report on NCDs. Global status report on NCDs 2010.
2011 Jul 15: 1–176.
full_en.pdf
11. Central Statistical Office (CSO) [Swaziland], and Macro International
Inc. 2008. Swaziland Demographic and Health Survey 2006-07.
Mbabane, Swaziland: Central Statistical Office and Macro International
Inc.
12. Puoane T, Steyn K, Bradshaw D, Laubscher R, Fourie J, Lambert V,
et
al
. Obesity in South Africa: the South African demographic and health
survey.
Obesity
2002;
10
: 1038–1048.
13. Reddy SP, Resnicow K, James S, Funani IN, Kambaran NS, Omardien
RG,
et al.
Rapid increases in overweight and obesity among South
African adolescents: comparison of data from the South African
National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey in 2002 and 2008.
Am J Public
Health
2012;
102
: 262–268.
14. Williams DR. Race and health: basic questions, emerging directions.
Ann Epidemiol
1997;
7
: 322–333.
15. DeAngelis T. A fresh look at race and ethnicity.
Monitor Psychol
2008;
39
: 30.
16. Living Conditions of Households in South Africa 2008/2009,
Statistics South Africa.
/
P03102008.pdf
17. Myer L, Ehrlich RI, Susser ES. Social epidemiology in South Africa.
Epidemiol Rev
2004;
26
: 112–123.
18. McLaren L. Socioeconomic status and obesity.
Epidemiol Rev
2007;
29
: 29–48.
19. Roskam AJR, Kunst AE, Van Oyen H, Demarest S, Klumbiene J,
Regidor E,
et al.
Comparative appraisal of educational inequalities in
overweight and obesity among adults in 19 European countries.
Int J
Epidemiol
2010;
39
: 392–404.
20. Case A, Menendez A. Sex differences in obesity rates in poor countries:
Evidence from South Africa.
Econ Hum Biol
2009;
7
: 271–282.
21. Mfenyana K, Griffin M, Yogeswaran P, Modell B, Modell M, Chandia
J,
et al.
Socio-economic inequalities as a predictor of health in South
Africa – the Yenza cross-sectional study.
S Afr Med J
2006;
96
:
323–330.
22. Kruger HS, Venter CS, Vorster HH. Obesity in African women in the
North West Province, South Africa is associated with an increased risk
of non-communicable diseases: the THUSA study. Transition and Health
during Urbanisation of South Africans.
Br J Nutr
2001;
86
: 733–740.
23. Letamo G. The prevalence of, and factors associated with, overweight
and obesity in Botswana.
J Biosoc Sci
2011;
43
: 75–84.
24. Dake FA, Tawiah EO, Badasu DM. Sociodemographic correlates
of obesity among Ghanaian women.
Public Health Nutr
2010;
14
:
1285–1291.
25. Steyn NP, Nel JH, Parker WA, Ayah R, Mbithe D. Dietary, social, and
environmental determinants of obesity in Kenyan women.
Scand J of
Public Health
2011;
39
: 88–97.
26. Olatunbosun ST, Kaufman JS, Bella AF. Prevalence of obesity and over-
weight in urban adult Nigerians.
Obes Rev
2010;
12
: 233–241.
27. Villamor E, Msamanga G, Urassa W, Petraro P, Spiegelman D, Hunter
DJ,
et al.
Trends in obesity, underweight, and wasting among women
attending prenatal clinics in urban Tanzania, 1995-2004.
Am J Clin Nutr
2006;
83
: 1387–1394.
28. Baalwa J, Byarugaba BB, Kabagambe EK, Kabagambe KE, Otim AM.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in young adults in Uganda.
Afr
Health Sci
2010;
10
: 367–373.
29. Shayo GA, Mugusi FM. Prevalence of obesity and associated risk
factors among adults in Kinondoni municipal district, Dar es Salaam
Tanzania.
BMC Public Health
2011;
11
: 365–376.
30. Delisle H, Ntandou-Bouzitou G, Agueh V, Sodjinou R, Fayomi B.
Urbanisation, nutrition transition and cardiometabolic risk: the Benin
study.
Br J Nutr
2012;
107
: 1534–1544.
31. Kruger HS, Venter CS, Vorster HH, Margetts BM. Physical inactiv-
ity is the major determinant of obesity in black women in the North
West Province, South Africa: the THUSA study. Transition and Health
During Urbanisation of South Africa.
Nutrition
2002;
18
: 422–427.
32. Puoane T, Fourie JM, Shapiro M, Rosling L, Tshaka NC, Oelefse A.
“Big is beautiful” – an exploration with urban black community health
workers in a South African township.
S Afr J Clin Nutr
2005;
18
: 6–15.
33. Mvo Z, Dick J, Steyn K. Perceptions of overweight African women
about acceptable body size of women and children.
Curationis
1999;
22
: 27–31.
34. The World Bank. 2012 Available from:
cator/SI.POV.GINI/
35. Kruger A, Wissing MP, Towers GW, Doak CM. Sex differences inde-
pendent of other psycho-sociodemographic factors as a predictor of
body mass index in black South African adults.
J Health Popul Nutr
2012;
30
: 56–65.
36. Puoane T, Mciza Z. Socio-cultural and environmental factors related to
obesity in black Africans: A perspective from South Africa. In: Sinha R,
Kapoor S, eds.
Obesity: A Multidimensional Approach to Contemporary
Global Issue.
New Delhi: Dhanraj Book House; 2009: 91–98.
37. Bank L. Matrifocality, patriarchy and globalisation: changing family
forms in a South African city. In: Gonzalez AM, Oloo F, DeRose L, eds.
Frontiers of Globalization: Kinship and Family Structures in Africa.
Trenton: Africa World Press, 2008.
38. Jacobs P. Food insecurity among female-headed households, rapid
food price inflation and the economic downturn In South Africa.
Available from:
IESE_IIIConf_Paper28.pdf
39. Vorster HH, Venter CS, Wissing MP, Margetts BM. The nutrition and
health transition in the North West Province of South Africa: a review
of the THUSA (Transition and Health during Urbanisation of South
Africans) study.
Public Health Nutr
2005;
8
: 480–490.
40. Keding GB, Msuya JM, Maass BL, Krawinkel MB. Dietary patterns
and nutritional health of women: the nutrition transition in rural
Tanzania.
Food Nutr Bull
2011;
32
: 218–226.
41. Fezeu LK, Assah FK, Balkau B, Mbanya DS, Kengne A-P, Awah PK,
et
al
. Ten-year Changes in Central Obesity and BMI in Rural and Urban
Cameroon.
Obesity
2008;
16
: 1144–1147.
42. Bourne LT, Lambert EV, Steyn K. Where does the black population
of South Africa stand on the nutrition transition?
Public Health Nutr
2002;
5
: 157–162.
43. Cook I, Alberts M, Lambert EV. Relationship between adiposity and
pedometer-assessed ambulatory activity in adult, rural African women.
Int J Obes
2008;
32
: 1327–1330.
44. Roseboom TJ, van der Meulen JH, Ravelli AC, Osmond C, Barker DJ,
Bleker OP. Effects of prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine on adult
disease in later life: an overview.
Mol Cell Endocrinol
2001;
185
: 93–98.
45. Josefson MD J. Metabolic programming of obesity in utero: is there
sufficient evidence to explain increased obesity rates?
J Devel Orig
Health Dis
2012;
3
: 70–72.
46. Abrahams Z, Mchiza Z, Steyn NP. Diet and mortality rates in sub-
Saharan Africa: Stages in the nutrition transition.
BMC Public Health
2011;
11
: 801–812.
47. World Health Organization. World Health Statistics 2012.
48. Yajnik CS. Nutrition, growth, and body size in relation to insulin resist-
ance and type 2 diabetes.
Curr Diab Rep
2003;
3
: 108–114.
49. Norris SA, Osmond C, Gigante D, Kuzawa CW, Ramakrishnan L,
1...,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35 37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,...64
Powered by FlippingBook